In the thirties of the last century, a wealthy American businessman discovered tribes still living in Neolithic circumstances during one of his trips through the Far East, in what was then called the Dutch East Indies. While landing in the Baliem Valley, right in the heart of remote highlands, you have a good view of a patchwork of neatly demarcated vegetable gardens, here and there intersected by an ingenious irrigation system. This area is the fertile heart of the province nowadays called Papua. There are no roads leading to the coast, flying is the only way to get in and out of this isolated area. Small circles of houses with conical roofs indicate core families of Papuans. Even in small regional capitals, these friendly people stick to their individual lifestyle. The Baliem Valley is one of the last places on earth where man is confronted with its prehistoric past.